Welcome to the Village and to the hobby/obsession. You have come to the right place for expert advice and opinions.
I have been scrolling for a little over a year now and am completely hooked and am still learning, far from expert; however I can advise:
You are already past the point where you can get meaningful advice from the big box people.
As for your question about how to attach patterns to wood, you have touched on a hot topic here at the Village and you already have several responses. This has been a hot topic of discussion here over the last year or so. Search the forum on this topic. You will find both opinions and expert advice.
Regarding wood: I practiced and learned using cedar fence pickets from the big box store - good for practice, not good for quality. Wood is another topic with lots of discussion. The question is, what do you want to do with it? Plywood has its uses, and the options are baltic birch plywood or hardwood surfaced plywood. For better and more expensive projects you can use solid wood, choose your variety and thickness. My personal favorites are Cherry, Mahogany and Black Walnut. I have also experimented with Monkeypod, Paduak, Hard Maple, Red Oak, Ash, etc, and am having fun trying them. Whatever wood you choose, pay attention to the thickness recommended by the pattern maker.
Experiment, ask questions and enjoy the hobby!