Unless it is pouring rain, after applying the shelf liner, I do all my glue spraying on the back of my patterns and panels outside. I simply use an old garbage can as a makeshift table.
Before going outside, I get everything lined up and use blue tape, like a hinge along one edge, to hold the pattern in the proper position on the panel. Step outside, lift the pattern, quick spray both pattern and panel, smooth it down. Back in the shop in less than a minute or two. I hate getting glue oversparay on my bench and tools.
If i use spray paint or polyurethane on frames I also do that outside by just laying out some rolled brown paper on the pavement... as long as the sun is shining. Wipe on poly is better if I have to work inside.
Like others I use cardboard to prevent overspray of paint in the shop when I use spray paint on my work, but that is not done often. Staining or coloring of my panels is usually done by brush. However, I do sparay my panels with spray Lacqer in the shop, but just use brown paper to protect my my table saw that I use as a table. I do ge some airborn Lacquer dust, but this dust is dry before it lands on onything, so regular shop clean-up keeps that to a minimum.
I get my brown paper in Lowes. It is 36" wide x 140 ft for under $12 and is considered a drop cloth.